Some emergencies, such as fires, earthquakes and explosions, can occur at any time with subtle signs. This article provides guidance on how to respond to emergencies with appropriate actions, which is divided into the following points:
How to prevent an emergency?
What should I do in an emergency?
What should I do when I hear an emergency alarm?
This article also looks at specific emergencies, such as earthquakes and explosions.
（二）Emergency Prevention
No one wants to be in an emergency, but in the unfortunate event of being in one, the best protection is to prevent the emergency beforehand. In addition to education and training about emergencies, there are a few other things that individuals need to pay close attention to:
Get a floor plan of your workplace.
Know the escape routes and prepared exits for each location.
Find out where the fire extinguishers and alarms are.
Understand the meaning of different alarms and the corresponding handling procedures.
When you leave the scene, you know who to report the incident to.
（三）Highlights of Emergency Response
Rescue
In an emergency, it is important to know how to rescue people in the first place, on condition that you have received relevant training and that you are wearing the appropriate protective gear.
Alarm
This is a channel of communication between the on-scene personnel and the emergency response unit. In the event of an accident, the on-scene personnel can press the alarm or use a public address system to clearly state people's name, location, and status of the incident.
Control
Control the emergency as far as possible to prevent the fire from spreading to other areas.
Evacuation
Follow the pre-planned evacuation route away from the scene, move quickly and remain calm, and don't stop to carry your belongings! Some staff are specially trained to shut down apparatus, use fire extinguishers or assist other staff in evacuating the area, but others must leave the scene immediately.
（四）Evacuation Precautions
Do not store anything in corridors or staircases and prohibit any blocking or locking of emergency exits.
Follow the evacuation route planned for the emergency response and never use the elevator to leave the scene unless ordered to do so by firefighters.
If an emergency occurs in a high-rise building, the safest way to escape is to run down instead of moving to higher floors or roofs, as this will make it more difficult to rescue you.
Assist disabled or injured personnel away from the scene as much as possible and make sure that deaf or hearing impaired employees are aware of the emergency.
Do not attempt to take a wheelchair up or down stairs; ask the injured person and provide the best assistance.
If you need to leave someone in the building, take them to a safe place, such as a staircase
（五）Evacuation Process
When an emergency occurs, leave the scene with the following in mind:
Check that people in bathrooms, storerooms and other areas are aware of the emergency alerts and have left.
Follow the escape route and exit quickly and calmly.
Follow escape instructions, emergency lights and radio instructions for evacuation.
Feel the temperature of the door before opening it, if it feels hot, do not open it.
If smoke is getting thicker, stay as close to the ground as possible to breathe in the fresh air, and cover your nose and mouth with a damp cloth to help you breathe and avoid choking from the smoke.
In case of the presence of chemical smoke, it may rise or settle depending on its chemical property, and choose the best way to leave during the evacuation process.
Stay calm and get out of the scene as soon as possible as panic will make the evacuation process even more critical.
（六）Notes on Being Trapped
If you're trapped in an area, here are a few things to keep in mind:
Close all doors and exits.
Close all windows.
Seal up all the gaps on the bottom of the doors.
Turn off the air conditioning and ventilation system.
If possible, call for help right away and tell them the correct floor and room number.
Leave a distress signal and location on the window.
Don't panic, and don't break the windows.
Remain calm while waiting for help.
（七）Earthquake
When an earthquake occurs, you must protect yourself from falling objects and wait until the shaking stops before evacuating immediately. If an earthquake warning is issued or if you feel a shaking of the ground, take note of the following:
Get as close to the floor as possible and look for cover.
Watch out for broken windows or other broken glass.
Stay away from lamps, bookshelves, or other items that may fall.
Hide under a solid desk, chair or doorpost.
Remain in a safe place until the quake stops.
Remain calm and be prepared to evacuate to a safe place outdoors if the shaking ceases.
（八）Squatting Posture During an Earthquake
The squatting position is designed to protect your head, face, and major organs by making your body a smaller target to avoid falling objects. Whether indoors or outdoors, it is imperative to adopt a squatting position during an earthquake. The following are some points to consider when squatting down:
Both knees on the ground.
Hands clasped at the back of the neck.
Bury your face in your arms.
Shrink your body as much as you can.
Close your eyes and cover your ears with your forearms.
Cover your body with a coat or blanket, if you have one.
（九）Evacuation During an Earthquake
In the event of an earthquake cessation, the following evacuation precautions should be taken:
Evacuate to a designated safe outdoor location.
Use the stairs, not the elevator.
Keep away from the walls of buildings and from falling cables or other wires.
Do not wade into the water, it may conduct electricity.
If light is required, use a flashlight, do not use matches or flip the light switch, as this may cause sparks that could explode.
Follow a pre-planned path to evacuate and report the situation instantly.
Never enter the building again until you are told it is safe! Post-earthquake structures may be loose and should not be entered until it is deemed safe to do so.
In a multistory building, evacuation operations will only commence after checking of escape routes.
（十）Explosion
In the event of an explosion, stay away from windows and other areas where objects may fall, and leave the scene as quickly and calmly as possible. When debris is raining down, hide under a sturdy table until it stops falling. If there is a fire, stay as close to the ground as possible to avoid choking with smoke or toxic gases. Report the situation to the emergency response center as soon as you arrive at the pre-determined safe location. If you are trapped in the rubble, there are a few things to keep in mind:
Avoid stirring up dust.
Use rags or clothing to cover mouth and nose.
Tap on a pipe or wall so the rescuers can hear you.
Only call out loudly in emergencies as this can result in the inhalation of large amounts of dust.
Do not attempt to rescue victims trapped in collapsed structures, as this requires special equipment and skills.
（十一）What should I do if I find a package or item of unknown origin in the post office?
If you find a suspicious item or package left unattended, treat it as a suspected explosive, and immediately notify the counter. Do not approach or touch the unidentified item to avoid injury.
（十二）What should I do if I find a suspicious person in the post office or if I need help when under threat?
Please report immediately to the counter for assistance.
（十三）Conclusions
When an alarm is sounded in your workplace, precautions and proper education and training can save a life! Keep in mind the following:
Be familiar with the floor plan and the exits at each location.
Know where the fire extinguishers are and where the alarm center is.
Understand the meaning of different alarms and the procedures that should be followed.
Only call out loudly in emergencies as this can result in the inhalation of large amounts of dust.
Know where to report back after an evacuation.
No matter what type of emergency you are facing, these are the most important basic principles!
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